Course Content
DOES GOD EXIST?
The historical evidence for Christianity centers on the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, which are supported by early, well-attested documents such as the New Testament, as well as non-Christian sources like Josephus and Tacitus. The rapid growth of the early church, the willingness of the apostles to die for their claims, and the empty tomb all point to the resurrection as a real historical event, not a legend or myth.
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THE KALAM COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT (The Law of Cause and Effect)
THE TELEOLOGICAL ARGUMENT (Fine-tuning Argument)
THE AXIOLOGICAL ARGUMENT (The Moral Argument)
THE ONTOLOGICAL ARGUMENT (Deductive Philosophical Argument)
DOES GOD EXIST? TEST YOURSELF!
DOES OBJECTIVE TRUTH EXIST? – John 14:6b
Objective truth is truth that is true for all people, at all times, regardless of beliefs or feelings. In Christianity, Jesus is seen as the embodiment of objective truth. In John 14:6, Jesus says, "I am the way, the truth, and the life." This means that truth is not just an idea, but a person—Jesus—who reveals the ultimate reality about God, humanity, and salvation. Christians believe that following Jesus is following the truth that applies to everyone, everywhere. In the late 1800s, objective truth was fragmented into 5 "truths": Perspectivism, Relativism, Subjectivism, Pragmatism, . Inspired by the idea of Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant changed the understanding of truth by arguing that we don’t experience reality directly as it truly is (the noumenal world), but only as it appears to us through our senses and mental categories (the phenomenal world). He claimed that the human mind actively shapes our experience of the world, meaning truth is not just discovered but filtered through our perception. This shifted the focus from purely objective truth to a more subjective, human-centered understanding of knowledge. While Kant affirmed that truth and reality exist, he believed reason alone cannot fully access them—especially when it comes to ultimate questions like the existence of God.
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WHAT IS PERSPECTIVISM?
WHAT IS RELATIVISM?
WHAT IS SUBJECTIVISM?
WHAT IS PRAMATISM?
WHAT IS SKEPTISM?
DOES TRUTH REALLY EXIST? TEST YOURSELF!
IS JESUS THE ONLY WAY?
Religion is a set of beliefs and practices centered around the worship of a higher power or ultimate reality. It often includes moral teachings, sacred texts, rituals, and a sense of purpose or meaning in life. Religion helps people understand the big questions of life—such as where we come from, why we’re here, and what happens after death. Religion can be categorized into 4 major categories: Atheism/Agnostism Scientism Polytheism Monotheism How does Jesus fit into all these 4 categories?
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THE RELIGION OF ATHEISM/AGNOSTICISM
THE RELIGION OF SCIENTISM
THE RELIGIONS THAT FALL INTO POLYTHEISM
THE 3 MAJOR MONOTHEIST RELIGIONS
WHAT ABOUT THE AFTERLIFE?
IS THE BIBLE TRUSTWORTHY?
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THE BIBLE IS HISTORICALLY RELIABLE – LUKE
Is Christianity True?
About Lesson

Subjectivism is a philosophical viewpoint that asserts truth, especially in moral or evaluative matters, is determined by individual perspectives, feelings, or experiences rather than any objective or universal standard. In subjectivism, a statement like “lying is wrong” is not considered universally true; rather, it means “I disapprove of lying,” or “I feel that lying is wrong.” Someone else might feel differently, and both perspectives are seen as equally valid.

There are two main types of subjectivism:

  1. Moral Subjectivism: This view claims that moral judgments are expressions of personal preferences. For example, if someone says “stealing is wrong,” they are not stating a fact, but expressing their own disapproval. According to moral subjectivism, there are no objective moral truths—only individual opinions about right and wrong.

  2. Epistemological Subjectivism: This broader form of subjectivism holds that all knowledge is rooted in personal experience or perception. What we believe to be true is shaped entirely by our own viewpoint, meaning that absolute or objective truth is either unknowable or nonexistent.

Key Features of Subjectivism:

  • Truth is personal: What is true for one person may not be true for another.

  • No universal moral standards: Ethics are based on personal or cultural preference, not on objective reality.

  • Feelings define truth: Emotional responses play a central role in determining what is right, wrong, or true.

Criticisms of Subjectivism:

  • It makes it difficult to condemn truly harmful actions (e.g., murder, racism) if morality is just personal opinion.

  • It can lead to contradictions or moral paralysis, as all views are treated as equally valid, even those that directly oppose one another.

  • It undermines meaningful moral discussion, because if morality is purely subjective, then persuasion or disagreement has no real purpose.

In contrast, Christianity and other worldviews that affirm objective truth argue that some things are true or right regardless of personal belief—because they reflect a higher, unchanging standard (such as God’s nature or moral law).

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