The three major monotheistic religions—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam—all believe in one, all-powerful God, but they differ in their understanding of who God is and how He relates to humanity.
1. Judaism
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Belief: There is one God (Yahweh) who is the Creator, holy, and sovereign over all.
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Scripture: The Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), especially the Torah.
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Key Focus: Covenant relationship between God and the Jewish people, obedience to the Law, and awaiting the promised Messiah.
2. Islam
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Belief: There is one God (Allah) who is all-powerful, merciful, and transcendent.
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Scripture: The Qur’an, believed to be the final revelation from God through the prophet Muhammad.
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Key Focus: Submission to God’s will through the Five Pillars of Islam, and belief in Muhammad as the final prophet.
3. Christianity
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Belief: There is one God in three persons—Father, Son (Jesus), and Holy Spirit—known as the Trinity.
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Scripture: The Bible (Old and New Testaments).
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Key Focus: Salvation through Jesus Christ, who is believed to be the Son of God, crucified and resurrected for the forgiveness of sins.
Common Ground:
All three affirm:
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One supreme God
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A belief in divine revelation
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Moral accountability
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Prayer, worship, and ethical living
Despite shared monotheism, the core differences—especially in how each religion views Jesus—set them apart significantly.
Although the three seem to be fundamentally the same and superficially different, the key understanding of who Jesus is makes them fundamentally different and at best superficially the same
CONCLUSION
Judaism rightly believes in one God and shares the Old Testament Scriptures with Christianity, but it rejects Jesus as the promised Messiah. However, Jesus fulfilled over 300 Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah—such as being born in Bethlehem, performing miracles, being betrayed, dying for sins, and rising from the dead. The resurrection of Jesus, supported by eyewitness accounts and early historical records, confirms His divine identity. Since Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament promises, rejecting Him means Judaism misses the very Messiah it awaits, making its core conclusion about Jesus false.
Islam teaches that Jesus was only a prophet, not the Son of God, and that He did not die on the cross—directly contradicting the core of Christianity. However, strong historical evidence confirms Jesus’ crucifixion, and the resurrection is supported by eyewitness testimony and early Christian writings. Additionally, the Qur’an was written centuries after Jesus, while the New Testament was written by those who lived with Him. Since Christianity is based on verifiable historical events and a risen Savior, the claims of Islam about Jesus and salvation are shown to be false in light of the evidence.