Course Content
DOES GOD EXIST?
The historical evidence for Christianity centers on the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, which are supported by early, well-attested documents such as the New Testament, as well as non-Christian sources like Josephus and Tacitus. The rapid growth of the early church, the willingness of the apostles to die for their claims, and the empty tomb all point to the resurrection as a real historical event, not a legend or myth.
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DOES OBJECTIVE TRUTH EXIST? – John 14:6b
Objective truth is truth that is true for all people, at all times, regardless of beliefs or feelings. In Christianity, Jesus is seen as the embodiment of objective truth. In John 14:6, Jesus says, "I am the way, the truth, and the life." This means that truth is not just an idea, but a person—Jesus—who reveals the ultimate reality about God, humanity, and salvation. Christians believe that following Jesus is following the truth that applies to everyone, everywhere. In the late 1800s, objective truth was fragmented into 5 "truths": Perspectivism, Relativism, Subjectivism, Pragmatism, . Inspired by the idea of Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant changed the understanding of truth by arguing that we don’t experience reality directly as it truly is (the noumenal world), but only as it appears to us through our senses and mental categories (the phenomenal world). He claimed that the human mind actively shapes our experience of the world, meaning truth is not just discovered but filtered through our perception. This shifted the focus from purely objective truth to a more subjective, human-centered understanding of knowledge. While Kant affirmed that truth and reality exist, he believed reason alone cannot fully access them—especially when it comes to ultimate questions like the existence of God.
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IS JESUS THE ONLY WAY?
Religion is a set of beliefs and practices centered around the worship of a higher power or ultimate reality. It often includes moral teachings, sacred texts, rituals, and a sense of purpose or meaning in life. Religion helps people understand the big questions of life—such as where we come from, why we’re here, and what happens after death. Religion can be categorized into 4 major categories: Atheism/Agnostism Scientism Polytheism Monotheism How does Jesus fit into all these 4 categories?
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WHAT ABOUT THE AFTERLIFE?
IS THE BIBLE TRUSTWORTHY?
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Is Christianity True?
About Lesson

The three major monotheistic religionsJudaism, Christianity, and Islam—all believe in one, all-powerful God, but they differ in their understanding of who God is and how He relates to humanity.


1. Judaism

  • Belief: There is one God (Yahweh) who is the Creator, holy, and sovereign over all.

  • Scripture: The Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), especially the Torah.

  • Key Focus: Covenant relationship between God and the Jewish people, obedience to the Law, and awaiting the promised Messiah.


2. Islam

  • Belief: There is one God (Allah) who is all-powerful, merciful, and transcendent. 

  • Scripture: The Qur’an, believed to be the final revelation from God through the prophet Muhammad.

  • Key Focus: Submission to God’s will through the Five Pillars of Islam, and belief in Muhammad as the final prophet.


3. Christianity

  • Belief: There is one God in three persons—Father, Son (Jesus), and Holy Spirit—known as the Trinity.

  • Scripture: The Bible (Old and New Testaments).

  • Key Focus: Salvation through Jesus Christ, who is believed to be the Son of God, crucified and resurrected for the forgiveness of sins.


Common Ground:

All three affirm:

  • One supreme God

  • A belief in divine revelation

  • Moral accountability

  • Prayer, worship, and ethical living

Despite shared monotheism, the core differences—especially in how each religion views Jesus—set them apart significantly.

Although the three seem to be fundamentally the same and superficially different, the key understanding of who Jesus is makes them fundamentally different and at best superficially the same

CONCLUSION

Judaism rightly believes in one God and shares the Old Testament Scriptures with Christianity, but it rejects Jesus as the promised Messiah. However, Jesus fulfilled over 300 Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah—such as being born in Bethlehem, performing miracles, being betrayed, dying for sins, and rising from the dead. The resurrection of Jesus, supported by eyewitness accounts and early historical records, confirms His divine identity. Since Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament promises, rejecting Him means Judaism misses the very Messiah it awaits, making its core conclusion about Jesus false.

Islam teaches that Jesus was only a prophet, not the Son of God, and that He did not die on the cross—directly contradicting the core of Christianity. However, strong historical evidence confirms Jesus’ crucifixion, and the resurrection is supported by eyewitness testimony and early Christian writings. Additionally, the Qur’an was written centuries after Jesus, while the New Testament was written by those who lived with Him. Since Christianity is based on verifiable historical events and a risen Savior, the claims of Islam about Jesus and salvation are shown to be false in light of the evidence.

 

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